Incest is the most horrifying thing that can happen to a child. The sexual abuse shatters the child’s basic need to trust her family to care for her. Depending on her level of resilience and the presence of a support system, the abuse may leave lasting marks on her. If the child’s mother chooses to side with the perpetrator, she becomes doubly traumatized.
Indeed, why do some mothers choose the abusers over their victimized daughters? Society often judges them harshly, but the following factors could shed some light.
Some Women are Financially Dependent
One of the basic reasons for the mother’s choice to stay with her partner is financial dependence. As is common in developing countries, some mothers stay at home to care for the children. Usually she would not have any money or property in her name. When her daughter discloses abuse by the father, the woman has to struggle not only with the reality of incest, but with the financial implication as well of sending her partner to jail. If she has other children, it would not be easy to choose between them and her victimized daughter.
If there is outside intervention, the victim ends up in a residential center. The mother would often prefer this, as it keeps her daughter safe and she and the other children can stay at home (often with the abuser). If the abuse is not reported to authorities however, and the mother remains in denial, the child is repeatedly abused until she is old enough to leave.
There is Perceived Lack of Support
Another reason could be the woman’s perception that she would not be able to get support once she takes action against her partner. Some countries have no provision for supporting both the mother and all her children should they decide to leave. As studies have shown, most perpetrators of incest are also batterers, and battered wives are made to believe that nobody outside the home can help them. Through his psychological manipulation, she is made to believe that her partner will find her and their children wherever they go and hurt them.
Her Emotional Attachment with the Abuser is Stronger
Another reason for the mother's non-support to her daughter is her emotional attachment to her partner. She could feel that she would never find another man who could love her as much as he did, and could feel that the sexual abuse was fabricated by her daughter and thus, not worth destroying her marriage for. Her denial may persist even when provided with strong evidence. She may even blame her daughter for initiating or encouraging the abuse, and will use it to justify her decision to stay with the perpetrator.
A Mother’s Internal Struggles
The disclosure of child sexual abuse throws a mother’s world upside down. She has to deal with the following issues, among other things:
- Self-blame. Was she in some way responsible? Could she have prevented it? Is she a bad mother for being unable to protect her daughter?
- Her own victimization. She could have been sexually abused in the past and forced herself to “forget” it. She may demand the same thing from her daughter. This may prevent her daughter from disclosing about the incest in the first place.
- Family unity. She may feel that everything must be done to preserve the family. Hence, even battering and sexual abuse could be forgiven and forgotten for the sake of keeping the family intact.
The Role of the Community
With all that is going on inside her, a woman’s decision to stay with the abuser, while doubly traumatic for the child, could be understandable if seen from her perspective. The community as a whole could help prevent child sexual abuse from happening in the first place, so that no mother would have to choose between her daughter and her partner.
For mothers who are struggling with their daughter’s disclosure of sexual abuse, the non-profit organization Rape, Abuse and Incest National Network offers free phone counseling 24/7 at 1.800.656.HOPE. For survivors of incest, Survivors Anonymous may also be able to help.
If you get approached by a child disclosing an abuse experience, remember to be sensitive and report immediately to the authorities.
Reference: Women’s Crisis Center Manila.
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